egon and joan teichert


- Solomon van Abbe  - Grace Albee  - Frank M. Armington  - John Taylor Arms  - Peggy Bacon  
- Albert W. Barker  - Will Barnet  - Loren Barton  - Frank W. Benson  - Thomas Hart Benton  
- Paul F. Berdanier  - George Biddle  - Richard E. Bishop  - Isabel Bishop  - Aaron Bohrod  
- Mortimer Borne  - Felix Bracquemond  - Mildred Bryant Brooks  - Auguste Brouet  - Felix Buhot  
- George Elbert Burr  - Andrew Butler  - Albert Carman  - Samuel Chamberlain  - Jean Charlot  
- Roland Clark  - Max Arthur Cohn  - Howard Cook  - John E. Costigan  - Jack Coughlin  
- John Steuart Curry  - S.Chester Danforth  - Wayne Davis  - Adolf Dehn  - Stevan Dohanos  
- Leon Dolice  - Kerr Eby  - Fritz Eichenberg  - Churchill Ettinger  - Ernest Fiene  
- Hans Figura  - Isac Friedlander  - Wanda Gag  - Emil Ganso  - Gerald K. Geerlings  
- Harry Gottlieb  - Elinor Gibson Graham  - Gordon Grant  - William Gropper  - Axel Herman Haig  
- George Overbury Pop Hart  - Ernest Haskell  - Childe Hassam  - William Heaslip  - Albert Heckman  
- Arthur W. Heintzelman  - Riva Helfond  - Eugene Higgins  - Joseph Hirsch  - Stefan Hirsch  
- Irwin Hoffman  - Lester George Hornby  - Earl Horter  - Alfred Hutty  - Helen Hyde  
- Joe Jones  - Mervin Jules  - Philip Kappel  - Andrew Karoly  - Luigi Kasimir  
- Rockwell Kent  - Troy Kinney  - Robert Kipniss  - Marguerite Kirmse  - Hans Kleiber  
- Leon Kroll  - Otto Kuhler  - Elinore LaCaff  - Chet Harmon LaMore  - Paul Landacre  
- Armin Landeck  - Edward Landon  - Maude Langtree  - Doris Lee  - Auguste Lepere  
- Russell T. Limbach  - Nat Lowell  - Louis Lozowick  - Luigi Lucioni  - Nan Lurie  
- Jack Markow  - Reginald Marsh  - J. Jay McVicker  - Leo Meissner  - Ben Messick  
- Charles F.W. Mielatz  - Roberto Montenegro  - George L.K. Morris  - Ira Moskowitz  - Edith Nankivell  
- Thomas Nason  - Jackson Lee Nesbitt  - Elizabeth Olds  - Walter J. Phillips  - Meta Pluckebaum  
- Nathaniel Pousette-Dart  - Charles F. Quest  - Umberto Romano  - Ernest D. Roth  - Margery Ryerson  
- May Schaetzel  - William J. Schaldach  - Georges Schreiber  - Anton Schutz  - Harry Shokler  
- Will Simmons  - T. F. Simon  - John Sloan  - Lawrence Beall Smith  - Eileen Alice Soper  
- Aaron Sopher  - Harry Sternberg  - Angela Straeter  - James Swann  - Harry LeRoy Taskey  
- Alice Tenney  - Diana Thorne  - Charles Turzak  - William Walcot  - Lynd Ward  
- Geoffrey Wedgwood  - Reynold Weidenaar  - Stow Wengenroth  - Levon West  - James McNeill Whistler  
- Harry Wickey  - Norman Wilkinson  - Ronau Woiceske  - Louis Wolchonok  - Grant Wood  
- Henry Ziegler  - Anders Zorn  - James Milford Zornes  




                  artist index     

ID Artist Nationality
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1  Solomon van Abbe Dutch-British
4
  Moving to England from Holland when five years old, van Abbe, became a naturalized citizen. He studied art at the People's Palace, Bolt Court, Toynbee Hall, and later at the Central London School of Art. After working on the art staff of a newspaper he decided to do illustrations for authors such as H.G. Wells and John Galsworthy. However, his greatest skill was displayed in the drypoint medium, because of an uncanny ability to understand human behavior and depict it on paper. His skillful eye possessed a sense of satire and humor in the presentation of legal prints and British middle-class behavior during the early part of the twentieth century. Guichard, Kenneth M., British Etchers, 1850-1940, London, 1981. Bender, J.H. "The Drypoints of S. van Abbe," Print Collector's Quarterly, vol.26, 1939, pp.293-309.
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2  Grace Albee American
7
  Born in Rhode Island, Albee, studied at the Rhode Island School of Design and in Paris.She took up wood engraving in 1928 as a relief from life's tensions, recording rural subject matter,urban changes, landscapes, and various themes from nature. Working in the realistic manner, her detailed use of the graver on the wood block produced fineline work reminiscent of the Old Masters. Her work was of such consistency and quality it guaranteed her election to the National Academy. Her prints are represented in museums throughout the United States with large holdings in the National Museum of Women in the Arts, Georgetown University, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Brooklyn Museum. Johnson, Una E., American Prints and Printmakers, New York, 1980, p.36. Reese, Albert, American Prize Prints of the 20th Century, New York, 1949, p.2. Denker, Eric, Grace Albee: An American Printmaker,1890-1985, National Museum of Women in the Arts exhibition brochure, Washington, D.C., 1999.
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102  Frank M. Armington Canadian
1
  Armington was born in Fordwich, Ontario, Canada in 1876. He studied art at the Julian Academy in Paris. A great deal of his work was accomplished, while in Paris and the surrounding areas. He and his wife, Caroline, also an artist, showed their etchings and paintings in major French and American exhibitions. Armington was able to bring light, shadow, and line into his etchings to produce fine impressions on paper.
ID Artist Nationality
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3  John Taylor Arms American
6
  Born in Washington, D.C., Arms, studied at Princeton University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His sureness of hand and microscopic vision assured him a place as one of the foremost architectural etchers in the world. Impressed with Gothic architecture he etched many of the cathedrals, gables, and gargoyles, throughout his travels in Europe. His total output contained approximately 444 prints with hundreds and even thousands of hours spent on some plates. The exquisite line work in his etchings was enhanced, by using sewing needles, thus defining the detail in the shadows and lighting, projected on stone and water. His superb quality of draftsmanship caused the editor of The Print Collector's Quarterly, Fitzroy Carrington, to state, "For God's sake, John, don't you ever make a mistake, get drunk or something!" Arms, also built a wonderful collection of graphic arts which encompassed thousands of images. He was considered the leading spokesman and advocate in the promotion of American graphic arts. Bassham, Ben L., John Taylor Arms: American Etcher, Madison, Wisconsin, 1925. Crafton Collection, American Etchers, Vol.5, John Taylor Arms, Philadelphia, 1930. Fletcher, William Dolan, John Taylor Arms: A Man For All Time, New Haven, 1982. Johnson, Una E., American Prints and Printmakers, New York, 1980, p.36. Saville, Jennifer, John Taylor Arms: Plates of Perfect Beauty, Honolulu Academy of Arts, 1905. Zigrosser, Carl, The Artist in America, New York, 1942, p.29.
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4  Peggy Bacon American
1
  Peggy Bacon was born of artist parents and studied at the Art Students League in New York with Jonas Lie, Kenneth Hayes Miller, John Sloan, George Bellows, and others. She received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1934 and was married to the artist, Alexander Brook. Bacon showed a keen sense of perception and wit in her nearly 200 compositions of graphic work between 1918 and 1972. She has also been noted for her satire and caricatures in such books as Off with Their Heads, and Cat Calls. When asked why she included cats in her work, her answer was concise and affectionate, "I love cats. I was brought up with cats...Cats were the only pets I had. I drew them constantly. I loved them dearly and enjoyed them as personalities and as models." Peggy Bacon's work is in the permanent collections of the Metropolitan, Boston, and Whitney Museums, and was a teacher at the New School for Social Research in New York.
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6  Albert W. Barker American
1
  Barker was born in Chicago and studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Haverford College, and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received a Ph.D. in Classical Archaeology. In 1927, he studied lithography with Bolton Brown and decided to devote the remainder of his years, creating and drawing his images on stone. A master of shading, lighting, and texture, he used the crayon to show various aspects of nature, changing skies, and landscape, which surrounded his eighteen acre Pennsylvania home. Barker is noted as one of the great poetic lithographers, showing great respect for his medium, while displaying flawless technique and craftsmanship in his aesthetic renditions on stone. His prints are represented in some thirty museums. Adams, Clinton, American Lithographers, 1900-1960, Albuquerque, 1983, p.64. Kraeft, June and Norman, Great American Prints, 1900-1950, New York, p.139. Reese, Albert, American Prize Prints of the 20th Century, New York, 1949, p.11. Whitmore, Elizabeth, "Albert W. Barker: Poet and Lithographer," Print Collector's Quarterly, vol.27, 1940, pp.274-299.
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103  Will Barnet American
1
  Barnet was born in Beverly, Massachusetts, in 1911 and studied art at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, and the Art Students League, NYC. He began his career as a graphic artist by working on a Public Works of Art Project which led to more work as a professional lithographic printer. Barnet is proficient in the field of etching, lithography, and woodcut making. His early work shows strong feeling for the working class and the unfortunate poor in America. These prints contain strong contrast and vivid patterns of action. Art critics have compared Barnet's work to those of the German Expressionists and Honore Daumier.
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104  Loren Barton American
1
  Born in Oxford, Massachusetts, in 1893, but raised in Los Angeles, California, Barton was a great-niece of Clara Barton, the founder of the American Red Cross. She studied art at the Art Students League, Los Angeles, and the University of Southern California Art School. Barton traveled to Europe in 1929 and returned to Los Angeles in 1937 where she continued her work in the field of art. She is represented in the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the Art Institute of Chicago, Brooklyn Museum, and the New York Public Library. She was also a member of the Print Makers Society of California. Barton is best known for her work as an etcher, water colorist, and illustrator of books.
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7  Frank W. Benson American
6
  Benson was born in Salem, Massachusetts and studied at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts School and the Academie Julien, Paris. He is one of the supreme beings in the etching of waterfowl, whether in tidal flats, marshes, ponds, or flight. No other artist has approached him in the ability to capture wild fowl with etching needle and the copper plate. Benson took up etching when he was 50 years old and designed the second Federal Duck Stamp for the United States Department of Interior when he was 70 years old. He had almost immediate financial success for an etcher. His personal profit from the sale of etchings had averaged about $80,000. a year, before the economic depression. Affectionately known as the "Dean of American Etching," he needled over 300 plates and was a member of the National Academy and Society of American Etchers. John T Ordeman, Frank W.Benson: Master of the Sporting Print, Brooklandville, Maryland, 1983. Gladys E.Lang and Kurt Lang, Etched in Memory, University of North Carolina Press, 1990, pp.193-194.
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8  Thomas Hart Benton American
9
  Born in Neosho, Missouri, of a family of lawyers and politicians, Thomas Hart Benton was named after his great uncle, who was Andrew Jackson's right-hand man. His father, Colonel M. E. Benton was a powerful force in Missouri politics. His family wanted him to become a lawyer, instead he decided to try his hand in art. Benton's summary of his art education was, "I studied painting in Chicago and then in France. Influenced by modern French Schools, Delacroix onward, intensely by the Italian Renaissance, by Thomas Nast the cartoonist, and other depictors of the American scene." Settling in Kansas City he engrossed himself in the American scene and designed and dramatized the people and localities he visited on canvas and stone. His art became known as regionalism. Former President Harry S. Truman called him, "The best damned painter in America." Many of his prints are lithographed versions of his paintings. Craven, Thomas, A Treasury of American Prints, New York, 1939. Fath, Creekmore, The Lithographs of Thomas Hart Benton, University of Texas Press, Austin, 1969. Kraeft, June and Norman, Great American Prints, 1900-1950, New York, 1984, p.139. Zigrosser, Carl, The Artist in America, New York, 1942, pp.173-179.
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105  Paul F. Berdanier American
1
  Born in Pennsylvania in 1879, Berdanier studied art in New York, St Louis, and Paris. His etchings vary in subject matter from social comments to sporting and urban views of Paris and the United States. Besides being an illustrator and a well-known cartoonist for United Features Syndicate in the 1930's, Berdanier, designed historical costumes and stage settings.
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106  George Biddle American
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  Biddle was born in Philadelphia in 1885. His early life and struggles in becoming an artist are best described in his autobiography, An American Artist's Story, published in 1939. He was instrumental during the Depression in influencing President Roosevelt to start employing artists through the WPA and other agencies, and in the decoration of public buildings with murals and other art work. During World War II, Biddle, became chairman of the War Department's Art Advisory Committee, and oversaw the sending of American artists to record the happenings in various battle zones. The understanding was that all work produced by these artists was to be given to the government for a national war art collection. His works are represented in the New York Public Library, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Boston Museum of Fine Arts, and the Chicago Art Institute. His graphic work in lithography shows a painterly effect and a strong interest in decorative design. Biddle was indefatigable in the promotion of American art and American artists during the twentieth century.
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9  Isabel Bishop American
2
  Isabel Bishop was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, and studied with Kenneth Hayes Miller, and Guy Pene du Bois at the Art Students League in New York. She established a studio in Union Square, which was home to many artists. These artists and the area became known as the "Fourteenth Street School." Subject matter was plentiful and contained people from all walks of life, the savory to the unsavory. Bishop, is one of the few interpreters in art of the New York working girl's life and looks. From her studio window in New York's Union Square she observed the everyday working girl, sympathetically, but not sentimentally. Every print by Bishop is a figurative study. The casualness, mannerisms, and split-second gestures of her subjects, all seem to have an informal charm when displayed in her studies of life in the Square. Isabel Bishop did more than seventy prints over a sixty-year period, working six days a week in her Union Square studio. Teller, Susan, Isabel Bishop : Catalogue Raisonne, New York, 1981. Johnson, Una E. American Prints and Printmakers, New York, 1980, pp.46-51.
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10  Richard E. Bishop American
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158  Aaron Bohrod American
1
  Born in Chicago's west side in 1907, Bohrod attended Crane High School and spent one year at Crane Junior College. He took various jobs to pay his way at the Chicago Art Institute and later studied with John Sloan at the Art Students League in New York. He has received a Guggenheim Fellowship, twice, in his career as an artist. During World War II he was an artist-war correspondent for Life magazine and made pictorial records of the jungle fighting in the Solomon Islands and later, on his second assignment, the European Theater of Operations. His work is represented in the permanent collections of the Boston, Whitney, and Brooklyn museums, Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Butler Art Institute, the Chicago Art Institute, and the University of Illinois. He was artist-in-residence at Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, and at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. Besides being a fine graphic artist, critics regard him as one of America's best in the medium of water color and gouache.
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134  Mortimer Borne Polish-American
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  Born in Poland in 1902, Borne emigrated to the United States during World War I. He studied art at the Art Students League in New York and the National Academy of Design. Borne was attracted to the landscape of New York City and its people. Most of his drypoints and etchings of New York, printed in small editions, date from 1926 on. His color prints in drypoint prove him to be a master of the technique. Borne has had exhibitions at the Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., 1941, New York Historical Society, 1980, and The Old Print Shop, NYC, 1990's. More of his images can be seen in the book, Borne: Drypoints, Etchings, Color Drypoints, Abaris Books, 1980.
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107  Felix Bracquemond French
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  Bracquemond was born in 1833, and studied with Joseph Guichard who was a student of Ingres. He gained an early reputation as an etcher and lithographer, which he taught to Edouart Manet. Bracquemond's etchings of portraits, "Legros," "Corot," "Delacroix," and others are acclaimed brilliant. His etchings of birds, such as "Le Coq," "Canards Surpris," "Ducks at Play," and "Sea-Gulls," are beautiful in expression and considered genuine masterpieces.
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145  Mildred Bryant Brooks American
1
  Brooks was born in Maryville, Missouri, but was raised in Long Beach, California. Taking art classes at the University of Southern California and the Otis Art Institute, she developed an interest in etching. After marriage and busy with raising children she had little time to devote to her art. However, after an illness she was advised to resume her art work at the Stickney Art School in Pasadena, where she studied with Arthur Millier and E.Stetson Crawford. In 1934, Brooks won a prize from the Society of American Etchers for the "best piece of technical execution in pure etching." Her printmaking supported her entire family during the Depression. Brooks finest work was devoted to the etchings of trees which showed exceptional precision and beauty. Most of her major work was done during the 1930's. Gladys E.Lang and Kurt Lang,Etched in Memory, University of North Carolina Press, 1990, pp.164-165, and p.225.
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12  Auguste Brouet French
1
  Born in Montmartre, the son of poor parents, Brouet, worked his way through night drawing classes and the Ecole des Beaux-Arts. He lived in poverty as an art student, but became well known to collectors because of his sincerity in portraying the street-peddlers, gypsies, street-musicians, beggars, and rag pickers in the passages and places where they congregated. He portrayed the dark side of Montmartre in a romantic rendition, closely resembling the etched work of Rembrandt. In later life he became enthralled with the singers, dancers, and circus life of Paris. Brouet's sensitivity and sympathy for his subjects, shows an artist who lived the life of the poor, portraying his subjects from an intimate point of view. Not is he acclaimed as one of the important etchers of Paris, but he has also etched approximately 20 plates of World War I, recognized not only as reliable documents, but of intense artistic quality. F.L.Leipnik, A History of French Etching, London, 1924, pp.169-170.
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160  Felix Buhot France
2
  Buhot created prints notable for their inventiveness in reproducing the effects of weather, such as rain, snow, mist and fog. He was able to create these atmospheric effects by combining etching ,drypoint, and aquatint with different inks and paper. He used various papers and different types, such as antiquarian and Japanese, laid and wove, sometimes treating his paper with turpentine or kerosene, at other times, placing the paper in tea or coffee before the printing process. His obsession with paper led him to booksellers-stalls and shops in Paris, where he would rummage through the books, cut out the blank pages, pay the bookseller's price, and then return the book to the seller as a gift. Buhot was not a one-state etcher, constantly changing the details of the subject, adding or subtracting lines, and using different inking and wiping of his impressions. In many of his city prints of Paris and London he depicts the public square and streets, relishing the margins of each image with an abundance of remarques or sketches. These extra marginal images, which Buhot called "symphonic images," are regarded as some of his most important aesthetic achievements. Felix Buhot is recognized as one of the most innovative and accomplished artists in the field of French etching. Reference: Felix Buhot Catalogue, Bourcard, Gustave and Goodfriend, James, 1979, (Introduction).
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108  George Elbert Burr American
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  Born near Cleveland, Ohio, Burr was basically a self-taught artist, although he did spend some time at the Art Institute of Chicago. After returning from a five year period in Europe, poor health forced him to reside in Colorado, and then to the desert areas of New Mexico, Arizona, and California. This region was the basis of most of his graphic work, which amounted to about 300 etchings, drypoints, and aquatints. His plates show the changing moods, intense heat, shifting sands, and clouds of the Southwest desert country. Burr's works are visually synonymous with some of the descriptive passages in Willa Cather's novel of the Southwest, Death Comes for the Archbishop.
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14  Andrew Butler American
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  Raised in Yonkers, New York, Butler, studied with Eugene Speicher, F. Louis Mora, and Joseph Pennell at the Art Students League and the National Academy of Design in New York. The artist spent most of his time working in the New England, and Western areas of the United States. His base was New York and a home near a lake in New Hampshire. Butler does not rely on tonal value in his etchings, but depends on linear precision and a three-dimensional design. Whether he is doing the farms of New England, a ranch land in New Mexico, the deserts of the Southwest, or trains passing through; a penciled line, a distant view, and the white of the paper are of utmost importance in his compositions. He is one of the few American etchers that depended solely on pure line to create a rhythmic quality in his designs of American landscape. Craven, Thomas, A Treasury of American Prints, New York, 1939. Johnson, Una E. American Prints and Printmakers, New York, 1980, p.30. Kraeft, June and Norman, Great American Prints, 1900-1850, New York, 1984, p.140.
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186  Albert Carman American
4
  Albert Carman was basically trained as a painter, but while teaching at the Florence Cane School in New York, he met Jean Charlot, and became interested in printing color lithography with the use of a Multilith press. The two men were committed to this new method of producing original lithographic prints, in several colors, at a low cost to the artist. A group practicing the process was formed at the Charles L. Morgan Galleries on 57th Street, NYC, called "The Artists Color Proof Associates." It was to be a communal movement by artists, for artists, and would be a print studio organization. The printing of the lithographs would be done by Albert Carman. Some of the artists participating in the project were, Jean Charlot, Howard Cook, Don Freeman, Russell Limbach, Louis Lozowick, George L.K. Morris, David Park, and others. Carman left teaching and focused on a career as a printer. His most important work was his collaboration with Marc Chagall on 13 color lithographs for, The Tales from the Arabian Nights, published in 1945. Reference: American Lithographers 1900-1960, The Artists and Their Printers, Adams, Clinton, 1983, pp.147-149.
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109  Samuel Chamberlain American
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  Born in Cresco, Iowa, 1895, Chamberlain studied at the University of Washington and M.I.T. He studied art in London and Paris and traveled throughout Europe living in France for a number of years. Considered one of the finest American architectural etchers, his prints not only show the cathedrals, buildings, and shops of Europe, but also the people in their everyday activities. Chamberlain is best known as an etcher, lithographer, illustrator, and photographer.
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16  Jean Charlot French-American
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  Born in France, Charlot studied at Lycee Condorcet and the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris. After moving he engrossed himself in the study of Mayan Art which became a powerful force in the creation of his lithographs, drypoints, and woodcuts. His dynamic sculptured style and sense of design presented monumental images which were published by printers he worked closely with, Lawrence Barrett, Albert Carman, and Lynton Kistler. While teaching in various colleges and universities throughout the United States he received a Guggenheim Fellowship to continue working in Mexico where he produced a portfolio of color lithographs. On his return to the United States he was appointed head of the Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center. Charlot also produced color illustrations for The Limited Editions Club publications of Prosper Merimee's, Carmen and Thornton Wilder's , The Bridge of San Luis Rey. The Metropolitan Museum of Art has the largest museum collection of Charlot's prints and the private collection of Mr. and Mrs. Jack Lord, star of the television series, "Hawaii Five-O," was donated to the Smithsonian Institution's Division of Graphic Arts. Charlot's last major project was a portfolio showing Melanesian culture, Kei Viti,1978, completed just before his death in Honolulu.
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18  Roland Clark American
3
  Clark was an artist, author, and sportsman, born in New Rochelle, New York. He studied art at the Art Students League in New York and enjoyed hunting waterfowl in the marsh lands around Long Island Sound. After marriage he settled in the Chesapeake Bay area and devoted himself to depicting water fowl and game birds in etching, drypoint, water color and oils. Most of his work was exhibited in the New York area. His books are, Stray Shots, Gunner's Dawn, Pot Luck, and Roland Clark's Etchings, which contains reproductions of about 70 etchings. Clark was a supporter and member of Ducks Unlimited, Inc. and was chosen to do the 1938 Federal Duck Stamp Design.
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19  Max Arthur Cohn American
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  Max Arthur Cohn was born in London, England, and studied at the Art Students League with Boardman Robinson and John Sloan. He became well known for his independent work and production of screenprint images and technique. At age 17, he worked for a large commercial art studio where he developed his technique and experimented with the medium in his personal art. Cohn added a new concept of screenprinting with the use of transparent washes, which gave the finished product the quality of transparent watercolor. Being employed at numerous commercial art studios as a screenprinter gave him the opportunity to continue his experiments with the medium. Unfortunately, none of his early experiments from the 1920's or early 1930's are known to have survived. Adding further to his venture into screenprinting he wrote the book, Silk Screen Stenciling as a Fine Art, which is still in print today as, Silk Screen Techniques . Cohn produced his last artistic screenprint images in 1945, but maintained a commercial art studio in New York in the 1950's. A large number of artists working in this medium attracted deserved recognition when the Bethesda Art Gallery in Maryland had an exhibition of screenprints in 1980. A further exhibition, in 1987, at the National Academy of Design in New York, showed screenprints from the collection of Reba and Dave Williams. This exhibition incurred even greater interest in a most difficult but colorful medium. Biegeleisen, I. J. Cohn, Max Arthur, Silk Screen Techniques, Dover Publications, New York, 1958. Falk, Peter Hastings, Max Arthur Cohn: "Pioneer of the American Screenprint," unpublished monograph, Madison, Connecticut, no date. Williams, Reba and Dave, "The Early History of the Screenprint," Print Quarterly, vol. III, 1986, pp.287-321. Zigrosser, Carl, "The Serigraph, A New Medium," The Print Collector's Quarterly, vol.28 , 1946, pp.442-477.
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20  Howard Cook American
4
  Born in Springfield, Massachusetts, Cook studied art at the Art Students League in New York. He became a nationally known painter, muralist, and master of all graphic media. He was commissioned by Forbes magazine to illustrate Willa Cather's, Death Comes for the Archbishop, and went to the Southwest for this purpose. Here, he met and married another fellow artist, Barbara Latham. After extensive travel they eventually made New Mexico their permanent home. Cook was granted two Guggenheim Fellowships to work in Mexico and the American South. During the WPA years he did two frescoes for the Courthouse Building in Springfield, Massachusetts. At the outbreak of World War II, he was appointed Artist War Correspondent with the rank of colonel, and recorded the activities of American forces in the South Pacific. Stationed in the Solomon Islands he completed prints, drawings, watercolors, and paintings on the war.
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21  John E. Costigan American
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  Born in Providence, Rhode Island, in 1888, Costigan was basically self-taught as an artist. He is considered an outstanding etcher and water colorist in his interpretation of life on an American farm. Moving to a farm in Orangeburg, New York, in 1919, Costigan performed the chores of a farmer as well as etching and painting his family and other subject matter involving farm life.
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146  Jack Coughlin American
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  Coughlin studied art at the Rhode Island School of Design and the Art Students League in New York. He was a professor of art at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst and received many awards for his art work in the field of printmaking. His illustrations appear in a number of books and he is a regular contributor to the New Republic. Coughlin is a member of the Society of American Graphic Artists, Springfield Art League, and an associate member of the National Academy of Design. His work portraying musicians from the field of blues and jazz received high praise from critics and fellow artists. Some of the musicians in this series are, Thelonius Monk, Billie Holiday, Louis Armstrong, Muddy Waters, John Lee Hooker, and Blind Boy Fuller. Coughlin's graphic art is in the collection of the Modern Museum of Art, Boston Public Library, and Columbia University.
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110  John Steuart Curry American
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  Curry was born on a farm in Kansas in 1897 and studied art at the Art Institute of Chicago. Coming to New York, he taught at Cooper Union and the Art Students League. He started his professional career as an illustrator for popular magazines and gradually turned to lithography in the late 1920's and 1930's. His lithographs involve regionalism in subject matter and the social issues of his times. Curry's print of "John Brown," the abolitionist, is not only a powerful image, but also considered a masterpiece in the field of lithography.
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137  S.Chester Danforth American
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  Danforth was born in 1896, in Ithaca, New York, but lived most of his life in Chicago and the surrounding area. He studied art in Chicago at the Art Institute and the Academy of Fine Arts. Danforth is admired for his architectural etchings of Chicago, done in both color and black and white.
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128  Wayne Davis American
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  Davis was born in Oak Park, Illinois, in 1904, and studied at Columbia University, New York University, and the Art Students League with Joseph Pennell. He was an illustrator for Vanity Fair, Fortune, Liberty, and other magazines. Davis held the position of Art Director for Grumman Aircraft, 1941-1953. He is well-known for his fine water colors and etchings in the field of aviation, and also, the sport of skiing.
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24  Adolf Dehn American
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  Born in Waterville, Minnesota, in 1895, Dehn studied at the Minneapolis Art Institute and the Art Students League. Traveling to Europe in the early 1920's, he studied lithography with the French printer, Edmond Desjobert, enabling Dehn to project more tonal quality in his prints. Receiving two Guggenheim Fellowships, he traveled to Haiti and Mexico, where his compositions became larger in scale and simpler in form. Credited with more than 300 prints, his art contains landscapes, satirical works, and the depiction of human nature.
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26  Stevan Dohanos American
2
  Born in Lorain, Ohio, 1907, Dohanos is known as a wood engraver, lithographer, painter, and illustrator. He studied lithography with Stow Wengenroth. Dohanos is best known for the 125 Saturday Evening Post covers he created between 1943 and 1959. He is also credited with creating more than 25 United States commemorative stamps. Dohanos mastery of wood engraving can be seen in his print, "State Fair."
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140  Leon Dolice Austrian-American
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  Born in Austria, Dolice spent the major part of his teens and early twenties studying the works of the Masters while venturing throughout Europe. He came to the United States in 1920 and settled in Greenwich Village, New York City. Obsessed with the city, he depicted the architecture, alley ways, waterfront, and nostalgic areas of his newly adopted environment. Most of his etchings dealt with areas now extinct or forgotten, like the Third Avenue El, where Dolice had maintained his studio for over ten years. He also devoted time doing pastels and paintings of New York. Dolice's works are in the collection of the Museum of the City of New York, New York Historical Society, and the New York Public Library.
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27  Kerr Eby American
2
  Kerr Eby was born in Tokyo, Japan, the son of Methodist missionaries. He studied at Pratt Institute, Brooklyn and the Art Students League in New York. Eby was part of the Cos Cob artist colony in Connecticut and became good friends with Childe Hassam, assisting and instructing him in the technique of etching. During World War I he was assigned to a camouflage unit with the Army Engineers and did drawings and etchings of the action, which were later published by Yale University, 1936, in the book War. It showed his anti-war feelings and was dedicated by Eby, "To those who gave their lives for an idea, the men who never came back" His etchings of New England and early days in Europe display his feeling for beauty and good design. His artistic beliefs and creations can be seen in his statement, "Design, first, last, and always." Once again, in World War II, he served as a combat artist with the Marines in the South Pacific. His health started to fail due to a tropical disease he contracted while living with the troops in the jungles of Bougainville, the Solomon Islands. As a result, he was never able to complete his etchings of World War II. Kerr Eby was the oldest man to land at Tarawa at the age of 54.
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149  Fritz Eichenberg German-American
1
  Eichenberg received his formal art training in Leipzig at the Academy of Graphic Arts, choosing wood engraving as his major art form. After the rise of Adolf Hitler, he decided his stay in Germany was at risk because of his Jewish background. In 1933 he managed to get his family out of the country to the United States. The death of his wife caused a breakdown for Eichenberg and while recovering, he decided to convert to the Quaker religion, where he received comfort and a spirit of the simple life. His new religion inspired powerful graphic images, showing his quest for the Peaceable Kingdom and his own spiritual and moral aspects. At the time of his death at eighty-nine, Eichenberg, was acclaimed as one of the modern masters of wood engraving. He was famous for his illustrations of the Russian writers, Dostoevski, Tolstoy, and Turgenev. Their works were published by the Heritage Press and The Limited Editions Club. Eichenberg's work is in the collection of the New York Public Library and other museums and galleries. He also has the distinction of being an early director of the Pratt Graphic Center in New York City.
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28  Churchill Ettinger American
3
  Ettinger was born in New Jersey in 1903, and studied art at the National Academy of Design, the Art Students League, and the New York School of Industrial Arts. He was an avid outdoor sportsman participating in skiing, hunting, and fishing, as well as being a prolific artist. He produced more than 170 drypoints of the outdoor sporting life, portraying the true essence of the sportsman artist. Settling in Vermont in the 1950's, he was commissioned by Brown and Bigelow to complete a series of drypoints and work on Wildlife calendars. Ettinger enjoyed working with his two field dogs, "Queenie" and "Troubadour," who served as faithful models in creating wonderful images of the charm, intellect, and gentility of field dogs at work. A great deal of his work was published by Associated American Artists during the mid-twentieth century.
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132  Ernest Fiene German-American
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  Born in Elberfeld, Germany in 1894, Fiene came to the United States at age 16 and became a naturalized citizen in 1927. He studied art at the National Academy of Design and the Art Students League in New York, and in 1932 received a Guggenheim Fellowship. Through lithography, etching, and painting, Fiene, captured the rural scenes of New England and the architectural views of New York in a picturesque, abstract manner, which are eloquently charming and original.
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29  Hans Figura Austrian
6
  Hans Figura was born in Vienna and was a student of Luigi Kasimir, where he learned color printing and the art of etching and aquatint. As an artist he was rated with the Kasimir family and T.F.Simon, specializing in European and American city views printed in color. He maintained studios in Vienna and New York where he created many works on paper in the 1930's. Figura exhibited in Paris, London, Vienna, Berlin, and in New York. He was acclaimed to be one of the outstanding European colorists in his field.
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31  Isac Friedlander Latvian-American
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  Friedlander was born in Mitau, Latvia, and studied art in Rome. He began his career as a graphic artist in 1917, and became prolific as a wood engraver and etcher. After coming to the United States in 1929, he depicted New York during the Great Depression; Labor and Industry in America; the Inhumanity of the Holocaust; and Life in the Circus. Friedlander's woodcuts show a close proximity to the German Expressionist prints of the early twentieth century.
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198  Wanda Gag American
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150  Emil Ganso German-American
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  Emil Ganso was born in Halberstadt, Germany, in 1895, and came to New York in his teens, virtually penniless. He was basically self-taught in the arts, although he was influenced by Jules Pascin, whose drawing skills he greatly admired. Eventually, Erhard Weyhe, of the Weyhe Gallery noted his potential as an artist and offered him a stipend, allowing him to work full time making paintings, drawings, and prints. In 1932-33 he received a Guggenheim Fellowship and went abroad to study print making, especially lithography, pigments, and painting techniques. Ganso perfected a painterly approach in his work which can be seen in many of his prints, showing strong tonal values. His aquatints and soft-ground etchings are exquisite in the use of balanced light and dark tones. Ganso was a long time resident of the Woodstock Art Colony where he maintained a home and studio creating many prints, drawings, and water colors of the area. He was the first artist-in-residence to receive a full professorship in art at the University of Iowa where he was respected by his colleagues and students. His death of a heart attack at the age of forty-six, cut short an illustrious career, devoted to art.
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199  Gerald K. Geerlings American
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191  Harry Gottlieb Romanian-American
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185  Elinor Gibson Graham American
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  Elinor Gibson Graham was born from a wealthy Baltimore family. In 1925, she married the artist, John Graham and was influential in introducing him to her two sisters who were well known collectors of contemporary art. They were the artist's earliest patrons. In the 1930's , Elinor, was a member of "The Artists Color Proof Associates," situated in New York. At this location she experimented with color lithography and exhibited her works in the mid-1930's at the Charles L. Morgan Galleries with other members of the group.
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33  Gordon Grant American
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  Born in 1875 in San Francisco, Grant, traveled to Great Britain for his formal education, and then studied art at Lambeth and Heatherley in London. After his return to San Francisco, he worked as an illustrator and a correspondent artist for various newspapers in the area. Covering the Boer War and the Mexican Revolution, his images came East and appeared in Harper's Weekly in New York. Eventually, Grant, established himself as an outstanding illustrator of books. During the early 1900's he participated in a project to restore and designate as a National monument, the historic vessel, the U.S.Constitution. Publishing prints of his painting of this vessel, Grant, was able to help raise money for its preservation. The original painting now hangs in the White House. His lithographs, etchings, oils, water colors, and drawings of life on the seven seas and the vessels that sailed them, prove Grant, to be one of the foremost American marine artists.
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36  William Gropper American
3
  Gropper was born in 1897 on the Lower East Side of New York, the son of poor parents from the Ukraine and Roumania. His mother and father worked long hours in sweatshops to support their family. Gropper studied art with George Bellows and Robert Henri at the Ferrer School and later at the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts. He contributed work to such magazines as The New Yorker, Vanity Fair, The New Masses, Sunday Worker, and the Yiddish daily paper, Freiheit. Gropper's art reflects a keen sense of social injustice and his graphic work was extremely influential during the Great Depression. He attacked fascism throughout the world. A cartoon of Emperor Hirohito, appearing in Vanity Fair, 1935, caused diplomatic repercussions between the United States and Japan. In 1937, Gropper was given a one-man show at the A.C.A. Gallery in New York, dedicated to the defenders of democracy in Spain, and a series of prints, from his Guggenheim Fellowship, on the problems of the Dust Bowl. In 1952, Senator Joseph McCarthy, called Gropper before the House of Un-American Activities Committee because of his affiliation with various periodicals, his journeys to the Soviet Union, and a distribution of prints from a map painting, titled, "William Gropper's America: Its Folklore." Senator McCarthy considered these activities to be subversive, inspired and backed by Communists. Gropper refused to answer any questions and invoked the Fifth Amendment causing him to be blacklisted. Upset with the Committee's decisions, he retaliated with a scorching series of graphic works, entitled, "The Capriccios," consisting of fifty lithographs, inspired by Goya. In the 1960's, he received a grant from the Ford Foundation to work in the area of color printmaking at the Tamarind Institute Workship in California. Gropper's philosophy of life in art is: "I am interested in mankind. People create the "landscape" in my works. I fight wrongs. I fight in a creative sense."
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171  Axel Herman Haig Swedish
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  Axel Herman Haig was born on the Swedish island of Gotland in the Baltic Sea. He left Sweden for England to study naval architecture, but after a period of time became interested in the architecture of buildings. In 1875 he traveled throughout Europe sketching the local scenery and subjects as accurately as possible. He was mainly self-taught as an etcher and did not begin etching until 1870. His first exhibition of etchings was in 1880 and came from his early drawings of Gothic church architecture and other scenes of Europe. In England, with Francis Seymour Haden and others, he helped found the Royal Academy of Painters-Etchers and Engravers. Known for his superb draftsmanship, Haig, composed over 400 etchings which are in institutional and private collections throughout the world. Reference: Axel Herman Haig and His Work, E.A. Armstrong, 1905.
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40  George Overbury Pop Hart American
13
  Hart was born in Cairo, Illinois, and for the most part was self-taught, although, he spent some time at the Chicago Art Institute and the Academie Julian in Paris. No doubt, his impatience with academic learning caused him to leave, but he was encouraged by, and learned from his artist friends. Hart was more content living the simple life over affluence and critic recognition. The small amount of money he received from sign painting, and stage designs for movie sets, was used for his travels to warm and distant places. Traveling to Mexico, Central America, North Africa, the Caribbean and South Seas, Hart, experienced life with excitement, amusement, and empathy. More than eighty prints portray his vagabond encounters on paper, in an experimental manner, rather than conventional. The use of broad strokes, liquid tusche washes, sandpaper, roulette, and monotype, helped to achieve a painter like quality in his work. Hart's images show exuberance in the everyday life of working people at cockfights, fiestas, outdoor markets, and leisure activities. This was an artist that loved creating images, and the people, seen, in them.
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41  Ernest Haskell American
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  Ernest Haskell was born, 1876, in Connecticut, and received his art training in Boston and Paris, where he studied the paintings and drawings of Manet, Daumier, and Degas. Returning to New York he held an exhibition of his drawings and lithographs of famous people in the United States. His interest in etching was influenced by Whistler after his completion of two caricatures of the artist. It was Haskell's meticulous perseverance with the etching needle that produced the minute detail of each leaf and branch shown, in every tree of his landscapes. The major part of his work in etching was done in California, Maine, and Florida. He was killed in an automobile accident in Maine, November, 1925. Haskell's friend Childe Hassam said of him, "I think of his etchings as among the best that have been made-absolutely and wholly personal, some so meticulously and highly finished that it may be said that they were really in the spirit of the old masters." John Marin wrote, "I don't believe there was a man in the whole country who knew as much about his craft as Ernest Haskell." Haskell produced 414 prints during his short lifetime which are nearly forgotten, but the breadth of his work, when viewed, remain unexcelled in the field of American graphic arts.
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112  Childe Hassam American
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  Born in Boston in 1859, Hassam studied and traveled in Europe in the 1880's, and became interested in the French Impressionists. At the age of forty-six, he studied etching with Kerr Eby. Hassam is considered one of the leading advocates of American Impressionism. The play of light and shadow in his etchings of New England scenes, and the streets and old houses around East Hampton, where he lived, form pictorial compositions of timeless beauty. His entire graphic work consists of about 375 etchings and 45 lithographs.
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154  William Heaslip Canadian-American
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  William Heaslip was born in Toronto, Canada and was interested in the graphic arts at an early age. His other passion was aviation, and when old enough, served with the Royal Flying Corps during World War I. Heaslip was honorably discharged from military service after the armistice was signed with Germany. He never made it into combat, but his first-hand experience with aviation established his success in the art world. After the war, Heaslip came to New York and studied art at the Art Students League and the National Academy of Design. After finishing his schooling he began working as an illustrator of aviation subjects for Collier's, Saturday Evening Post, Boy's Life, and other publications. During World War II he illustrated the planes of the Allies and Axis in various newspapers and magazines. In the graphic arts, Heaslip used etching and aquatint to produce powerful images showing an inky visual quality, thus projecting black and white as a formidable art form.
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43  Albert Heckman American
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  Heckman was born in Meadville, Pennsylvania in 1893, and studied at the Leipzig Institute of Graphic Arts in Germany. Soon after he joined the faculty of Hunter College as an Assistant Professor and remained there until his retirement to Woodstock in 1958. Heckman was an early member of the art colony at Woodstock and ran a summer art school during the 1930's under the sponsorship of Columbia Teachers College. Lithography became his main endeavor and many of the neighboring towns near Woodstock, such as Kingston, Glasco, Poughkeepsie, and Eddyville were his favorite subjects. Heckman was frequently included in Whitney Museum exhibitions from 1933 to 1956 and in other important national shows. During the 1950's to 1960's his work became more abstract and his favorite mediums were oil, water color and ink.
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44  Arthur W. Heintzelman American
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  Heintzelman was born in Newark, New Jersey in 1890 and studied at the Rhode Island School of Design and in Europe. He was a master etcher and draftsman in the field of portraiture, recording sensitive images of children, musicians, elderly people, and world-wide figures, such as Dr. Albert Schweitzer and Arturo Toscanini. In 1941, he was given the title of Keeper of Prints at the Boston Public Library and continued in that position, arranging exhibitions; adding collections of prints; and writing about the graphic arts for the Library's publications, until his retirement in 1960. His graphic works number about 300, consisting of etchings, drypoints, and lithographs.
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45  Riva Helfond American
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  Riva Helfond was born in New York in 1910, but spent most of her childhood in Russia. In 1923, she returned to the United States and studied at the Art Students League in New York with Harry Sternberg, Yasuo Kuniyoshi, and Alexander Brook. During the latter part of the 1930's she was associated with the silkscreen unit of the Graphic Arts Division, WPA Federal Arts Project, in New York. Helfond has shown her work in both national and international exhibitions and taught graphic arts at New York University, and Union College, New Jersey. Her works are included in the permanent collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Museum of Modern Art, the Brooklyn Museum, Princeton University, Cornell University, and the Los Angeles County Museum.
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46  Eugene Higgins American
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  Eugene Higgins was born in Kansas City, Missouri of Irish immigrant parents. His mother died when he was four years old, leaving him in the care of his father, a stonecutter, who greatly admired the works of Michaelangelo and Millet. This influenced the artistic style of Higgins, who went on to Paris and studied at the Academe Julian and Ecoles des Beaux-Arts where he learned the art of etching and monotype. His work is considered social realism, influenced by old masters. While growing up, Higgins, experienced a great deal of human tragedy which formed the basis of his art work. Considered to be the artist of the poor, homeless, and less fortunate, he portrayed them in a compassionate and sensitive manner. His answer for portraying the poor was "...they are most interesting and real...the poor appeal to me because of their dignity." Higgins lived in New York and maintained a summer home in Lyme, Connecticut, becoming a member of the Lyme Art Association. His works are in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Modern Museum of Art, Whitney Museum of American Art, Los Angeles Museum of Art, Milwaukee Art Institute, and the British Museum in London. During a Higgins exhibit at the Grand Central Galleries, New York, an art critic said, "...he is still the old Eugene Higgins-simple, monumental, powerful, succinct, direct and always poetic." Reference: Vincenza Vicello, director, Fine Art Collection, St.Joseph College, West Hartford, Connecticut, from the exhibition catalogue "Eugene Higgins, Artist of Honor," 1997.
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47  Joseph Hirsch American
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  At seventeen, Joseph Hirsch was given a four year scholarship to the Pennsylvania Museum School of Industrial Art by the city of Philadelphia winning awards in drawing and illustration. He studied at the Philadelphia Museum School and with George Luks in New York. From Luks he developed a strong feeling for social realism and commentary. His images are strong, uncluttered, and deal with living realities in urban situations, showing the tender and tough moments of the ordinary man in a compassionate and realistic manner. He is the recipient of two Guggenheim Fellowhips for the years, 1942 snd 1943. In 1949, Hirsch was asked to do a drawing for Arthur Miller's play, Death of a Salesman. His drawing of the main character, Willy Loman, slouched with face unseen, carrying his salesman's suitcases, was used as the poster for the play. Joseph Hirsch is represented in the Museum of Modern Art, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Whitney Museum, Addison Gallery, Corcoran Gallery, Boston Museum of Fine Arts, the National Gallery, and many others.
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193  Stefan Hirsch German-American
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172  Irwin Hoffman American
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  Irwin Hoffman was born, 1901, in East Boston to Russian immigrant parents. He received a scholarship to study at the School of Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. In 1924 he was awarded the Paige Traveling Scholarship which allowed him to study art in Europe for two years. There, he studied the art of the old masters. After returning to the United States, Hoffman, maintained a studio on the west side of New York City and concentrated for a while on portrait work. He became interested in the industry of mining, because of his two brothers, and was commissioned to do a series of murals showing the History of Mining for the Panama Pacific Exposition in San Francisco. These murals are now on permanent display at the Colorado School of Mines. His etchings on mining life in the United States, Canada, and Mexico, received good reviews, as well as an exhibit on the people of Mexico and Puerto Rico, at work and play. Hoffman was avidly interested in music and was gifted in the art of making musical instruments, which he gave to an orphanage, and children in Israel. His sincere and concerned attempt to understand the problems and working conditions of people throughout the world can be seen in his art and other areas. Reference: Irwin D. Hoffman an Artist's Life, Boston Public Library, 1982.
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51  Lester George Hornby American
5
  Lester George Hornby was born in Massachusetts and received his early training in fine arts at the Rhode Island School of Design and The Art Students League in New York. Hornby's graphic output includes about 330 etchings, drypoints, color aquatints, and lithographs, done from 1905 through the 1940's. His technique was often complicated and variable before the desired effect was achieved. He used different sands and powdered resins to obtain various effects in the shadows and lines of his finished product. Also, his wiping techniques or retroussage in printing gave him excellent results in the large areas of light and shadows, which were prominent in so many of his plates. After the conclusion of World War 1, Hornby, became less intrigued with dramatic tones and atmospheric effects and concentrated more on achieving effect through the line itself. During the 1940's he became interested in lithography and produced some strong images such as, "Night Watch," "The Plowman," and "Palais de Justice La Conciergerie." Never an equal to his earlier etchings, they did however, evoke a mystique through shadows and atmospheric effect. It should be mentioned that edition sizes are only approximate, as Hornby may have intended to print in the edition sizes noted, but usually printed in smaller numbers. Reference: Lester G.Hornby, Painter-Etcher. by Peter Hastings Falk, Madison, Connecticut, 1983.
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141  Earl Horter American
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  Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Horter was primarily self-taught as an artist. The mood and reality of a subject, including light and shade, are captured in Horter's aquatints and etchings, projecting a unique individuality in his vision. A great deal of his work was done in Philadelphia, New Orleans, and New York.
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170  Alfred Hutty American
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  Born in Michigan in 1877, Hutty, in his teens won a scholarship to the St. Louis School of Fine Arts. Early in his career as an artist he worked as a stained glass designer in Kansas City and at the Tiffany Glass Studios in New York. He continued to study art at the Art Students League in Woodstock, New York, and became a long standing member of that art community, maintaining a summer studio there until his death in 1954. In 1919, Hutty, in his early forties, moved to Charleston, South Carolina, where he demonstrated his prowess in etching and dry point, winning many awards. He and his wife purchased and restored a house in Charleston at 46 Tradd Street and used it as their home and studio. Taking an active part in the city's cultural affairs, Hutty, along with others, was a founding member of the Charleston Etchers Club and the Charleston Rennaisance. On most of his prints he adopted the snail as an emblem to follow his signature; each plate totaled about 75 prints. Hutty also painted murals for the Footlight Players building, the Fort Sumter Hotel and City Hall.
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53  Helen Hyde American
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  Helen Hyde was born in Lima, New York in 1868, but grew up in the San Francisco area where she began to study art at an early age. She went to the California School of Design and traveled to Berlin and Paris for further studies. While in Paris she became interested in Japanese art and the work of Mary Cassatt. After the death of her mother, she left for Japan to study brush painting and color woodblock printing. Establishing a home in Tokyo, Hyde, became a prominent artist of the color woodblock print, depicting the Japanese landscape, their colorful clothing, and mothers and children. She also did a similar series of Mexico with skillful use of design and color. Eventually, becoming ill with cancer she returned to the United States, where she died in 1919. Helen Hyde is recognized as a leading exponent in introducing Japanese color woodblock printmaking techniques to the Western art world.
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113  Joe Jones American
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  Jones was born, 1909, in a poor neighborhood in St. Louis, Missouri. His father earned money as a house painter to support the family. Although, Jones, worked with Thomas Hart Benton, he was basically self-taught as an artist. His exhibition in New York, 1935, received recognition by the poet, Archibald MacLeish. He was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1937, and shortly afterwards, declared his membership in the Communist Party. During the Depression, Jones, made strong social comments in his lithographs and paintings, but also brought an original and sensitive feeling in the depiction of his subject matter.
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54  Mervin Jules American
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  Mervin Jules was born in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1912. His parents owned a men's haberdasher and their son was encouraged to pursue a musical career. However, after graduating from Baltimore City College and the Maryland Institute of Fine and Applied Art, he was determined to paint and teach art. Traveling to New York City, he studied with Thomas Hart Benton at the Art Students League and eventually worked with the WPA, Federal Art Project. He primarily focused on images of social commentary and musical subjects. Jules was a prolific printmaker, excelling in serigraphy and color woodcuts, and headed the art department at Smith College and New York City College. He lived in Forest Hills, Queens, and maintained a summer studio at Provincetown, Massachusetts, where he eventually died after a long illness. His works are in the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Museum of Modern Art, Brooklyn Museum, Art Institute of Chicago, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Philadelphia Museum of Art, and the Baltimore Museum of Art.
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55  Philip Kappel American
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  Philip Kappel was born in Hartford, Connecticut, in 1901, and graduated from Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, New York, in 1924. Three years later he was admitted into Who's Who in America, the youngest individual ever listed. For many years he was employed as an artist by the major steamship lines in the United States, such as, the Columbia Line, American Export Lines, and the Cuba Mail Line. His artwork became a record of shipping, past and present, forming a fascinating collection of the ships and men who sailed them. His technique showed the hand of an illustrator's pen and ink, bold strokes were used for emphasis and clarity of design. At other times he used combinations of light and dark, forming silhouettes, which he learned from the marine artist, Philip Little, while spending summers in Salem, Massachusetts. This silhouette style can be seen in some of Kappel's drypoints, and his illustrations for C.W. Taussig's book, Rum, Romance, and Rebellion. Kappel received many awards for his work. The Bijur Prize, Brooklyn Society of Etchers, 1926, for the print, "Repairs." In 1946, "Off El Morro, Puerto Rico," received a Purchase Prize in the First Annual National Art Competition held by Associated American Artists, New York. First Prize for, "Winter Tracery, New Milford Green," Arts and Crafts Association of Meriden, 1950. First Prize for, "Sugar Maples in Spring, Kappel Residence," Meriden Art Association, 1961. He was the author of several books, the most noted being, Boothbay Harbor-A Portfolio of Sketches, 1924, Louisiana Gallery, 1950, Jamaica Gallery, 1960, and New England Gallery, 1966. The last showing a fond appreciation for his New England heritage, containing 131 drawings and text of the areas most intimate and cherished places. Not only was Kappel recognized for his graphic artwork, but also as an authority on Chinese porcelain, Japanese art, and American and English antiques. He has written and lectured extensively on these topics. In finalizing the works of Philip Kappel, one must state, he honestly and directly recorded the sailing vessels and steamships bound for various ports of call. The men and ships sailing these waters were depicted in the rich burr of drypoint, capturing bright sunlight on paper with open white spaces. His romance with the sea and man's struggle with its elements and quieter moments were fulfilled.
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56  Andrew Karoly Hungarian-American
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  Andrew Karoly was born in Hungary and studied art in various European cities. He traveled throughout the continent producing etchings and paintings of architectural views of city landmarks. Coming to the United States after World War I, Karoly, lived in New York City and worked with the WPA, Federal Art Project, commissioned to do large public murals in collaboration with another Hungarian born artist, Louis Szanto. They completed a mural in Poughkeepsie, New York, at the Poughkeepsie Journal entitled "Freedom of Speech," depicting the history of American journalism. At the Shaker Heights, Ohio, Public Library, they focused on scenes from Alice in Wonderland. After World War II, Karoly and Szanto dominated mural painting in the Cleveland area, completing over 30 murals for local businesses. In New York City, Bellevue Hospital has a mural by both artists in the Children's Ward.
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57  Luigi Kasimir Austrian
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  Luigi Kasimir was born in 1881 in Pettau, Yugoslavia, now Slovenia. He is considered one of the early pioneers in color printing. Kasimir studied under William Unger at the Vienna Academy of Art where he was introduced to the color printing process. Before the technique of adding color to the plate, etchings were generally hand colored. Kasimir would transfer the design from a colored sketch, usually a pastel, onto a number of plates, printing them in succession and applying the color onto the plate by hand. His work was generally architectural in scope, being tourist landmarks, street scenes, city skyscrapers, and wonderful Alpine landscapes. Most of his scenes were done in Europe, the United States, and England. After his death, his wife, Tanna Hoernes, and son, Robert Kasimir, continued to carry on the tradition of color printing with etching.
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60  Rockwell Kent American
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61  Troy Kinney American
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  Style and beauty are the essence of Troy Kinney's art. His devotion to the dance , on stage or in fantasy during the early twentieth century acclaim him as a superb chronicler of the ballet. He displays a sense of choreography with an etching needle, showing swirling movement and airiness in the dance. Some of his well known subjects from the period are Pavlova, Nijinsky, Bohm, and Genee, all captured in physical movement on paper. Born in Falls Village, Connecticut, Kinney studied at Yale University and the Art Institute of Chicago. He was an ardent advocate of the dance, contributing articles to many publications and co-authored the book, The Dance, Its Place in Art and Life. Kinney's works are in the collection of the Cleveland Museum, Brooklyn Museum, New York Public Library, Yale University, and other institutions.
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164  Robert Kipniss
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142  Marguerite Kirmse British-American
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  Marguerite Kirmse was born in Bournemouth, England , and studied art and music in London. At first she earned her living as a harpist, for she was an accomplished musician. However, her passion was in her drawing of animals at the London Zoo, and later, in New York at the Bronx Zoo. These excursions gave her a superb command of anatomy and a penchant for elegance in the animal. Assets of this sort made Marguerite Kirmse a natural as a canine artist. In the thirties- that decade of dreams and depression, Miss Kirmse was one of the most popular of graphic artists. Maintaining her own farm and kennel in Connecticut, she bred various terriers and field dogs. Her favorite subject was, and always had been , the Scottish terrier. Marguerite Kirmse became widely known throughout the United States and Europe for her ability to capture on paper, the whims, charming characteristics, and somewhat human qualities of the Dog. She truly loved her subject.
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143  Hans Kleiber German-American
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  Hans Kleiber was born in Cologne, Germany and came to the United States in 1900, eventually moving from the eastern coast to Wyoming in 1906. He studied art in New Jersey for a short time, but is generally known as a self-taught artist. Kleiber worked for the United States Forestry Service as a ranger and hunting and fishing guide in the Bighorn Mountain area. Maintaining a studio at Dayton, Wyoming, he etched and painted nature and wildlife subjects. A popular artist in the Rocky Mountain states, he was also a member of the California Printmakers and won a silver medal in 1921 for his artwork.
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63  Leon Kroll American
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  Leon Kroll was a painter, lithographer, teacher, and art critic, born in 1884, in New York City. He studied at the Art Students League, and with John H. Twachtman, before continuing to Paris at the Academie Julian. He remained naturalistic in his lithographs and paintings of landscape, portraits, and still life, during a time when other artists were moving in the direction of abstraction or modernism. Kroll's vision is not total realism but a transposing of nature according to his individual feelings. He shows sensitivity and romanticism in his portraits of women, as can be seen in the lithograph, "Monique," commissioned by the Print Club of Cleveland, in 1945.
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64  Otto Kuhler German-American
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  Born in Germany in 1894, Kuhler was the sole heir of his family's steel business, Kuhler Forges, located in the industrial Ruhr River valley. After World War I the family business was virtually ruined, causing Kuhler to become a commercial artist in Dusseldorf. In 1923, he emigrated to the United States and decided to take up etching, on advice from his friend, Joseph Pennell. His etchings and art work show powerful images depicting industrial machines, steam locomotives, industry at work, and construction. His art career came to an end when he became a consultant for the American Locomotive Company and designed the fastest locomotive in the world, the 1935, "Hiawatha," in Schenectady, New York. This streamlined steam locomotive ran between Chicago and St. Paul at a speed of two miles per minute. Kuhler's autobiography, My Iron Journey, traces his career in industry to his life as a cattle rancher in Colorado.
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182  Elinore LaCaff American
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  Elinore LaCaff lived in Phoenix, Arizona and worked as an illustrator. While in New York in the 1930's, she became a member of "The Artists Color Proof Associates" and worked with Albert Carman at the Charles L.Morgan Galleries on Fifty-seventh Street. The color lithographs were drawn on zinc plates and printed from a Multilith press. LaCaff has exhibited her work at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts and the Denver Art Museum.
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65  Chet Harmon LaMore American
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  LaMore is well known as a social realism and industrial landscape artist. His complete works include paintings. sculpture, and the graphic arts. He was born on a tobacco farm in Dane County, Wisconsin, in 1908, and eventually raised in Madison, Wisconsin. LaMore studied art at the Colt School of Art, Milwaukee, the University of Wisconsin, and Columbia University. In 1933 he moved to Baltimore where he maintained a studio and worked for the Federal Arts Project. Here, he came into contact with other artists such as Aaron Sopher and Mervin Jules. Moving to New York in 1936, LaMore worked for the WPA Graphic Division and became an active member of the New York Artists' Union and their publication, Art Front. After leaving New York in the 1940's, he turned to sculpture and became an art professor at the University of Michigan from 1947-1974.
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161  Paul Landacre American
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144  Armin Landeck American
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  Landeck was born in Wisconsin, in 1905, but was educated in New York at Columbia University School of Architecture, and stayed most of his entire life in the New York area. After making his first etching, he traveled to Europe in 1928-1929 to gain more knowledge about the techniques of graphic arts. Returning to New York City, he joined forces with Martin Lewis and George Miller to start a school for printmakers at Miller's studio. The majority of Landeck's architectural scenes of the buildings, rooftops, and streets of New York give the viewer a feeling of quietness, loneliness, and mystery. One sees in each of his prints a relationship to the solitude seen in the works of Edward Hopper. This can be felt in Landeck's drypoint, "York Avenue, Sunday Morning." The shadows, gas tanks, bridge, and avenue leading up to the white exterior of the New York Hospital, project the city's isolation and emptiness.
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66  Edward Landon American
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  Born in Hartford, Connecticut in 1911, Landon, dropped out of high school to enroll in the Hartford Art School, and eventually moved to Greenwich Village in New York to study at the Art Students League. One of the important artists he would be indebted to was Arthur Dove, who encouraged his venture into the art of abstraction. In 1939, Landon was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship to work on Non-Objective Painting. He eventually became intrigued with the silkscreen process and turned away from painting, helping to organize the group known as the National Serigraph Society. He served as its president and helped with exhibitions, lectures, and demonstrations. Landon is credited with more than 240 silkscreen prints and is recognized as one of the most outstanding and accomplished silkscreen printmakers of his time. Some of his notable abstract prints are, "Arrangement with Blue Major," inspired by his love of music; "Nothing Begins, Nothing Ends," and "Time Silhouette," relating to his studies of Nordic cultures.
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183  Maude Langtree American
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  There is not much information on the artist, Maude Langtree, other than she was a member of "The Artists Color Proof Associates" located at the Charles L.Morgan Galleries on Fifty-seventh Street, NYC. During the 1930's she was included in their exhibits with some whimsical portraits of cats done in color lithography. It is possible, Langtree, became an illustrator of children's books.
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67  Doris Lee American
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  Doris Lee achieved success as a painter, illustrator, and lithographer. Born in Aledo, Illinois, she studied art at the Rockford College, Illinois, the Kansas Art Institute, and the California School of Fine Arts in San Francisco. Her early lithographs of American life in the rural Midwest had a realistic but whimsical approach, linking her closely to the American primitive artists. This can be seen in such images as, "Helicopter," "Thanksgiving," "Country Wedding," and "Afternoon Train," She was a member of the Woodstock Art Colony and a teacher at the Colorado Springs Fine Art Center.
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173  Auguste Lepere French
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180  Russell T. Limbach American
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71  Nat Lowell Latvian-American
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  Nat Lowell was born in Latvia in 1880. He came to New York at an early age and studied art at the Art Students League. He is well known for his etchings of New York, showing the architectural splendor of its bridges, buildings, and monuments, as well as the changing skyscape of the city during the first half of the twentieth century. A great many of these etchings were published by Associated American Artists. Lowell also taught art at Hunter College and the New School for Social Research. His work is in the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the New York Public Library, the New York Historical Society, and the Newark Museum.
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72  Louis Lozowick Russian-American
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73  Luigi Lucioni Italian-American
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  Lucioni was born, 1900, in Malnate, Italy, a small town in the Alps near the border of Switzerland. He immigrated to the United States in 1911, and eventually studied etching with William Auerbach Levy at the National Academy of Art. While painting in Vermont, Lucioni purchased a farm house near Manchester, and converted the barn into his studio, where he spent his summers, only returning to New York for the winters. The Vermont landscape captivated the artist with its barns, silos, and trees, which he portrays with respect and admiration in his paintings and etchings. Besides being a distinguished artist, Lucioni, was also a student and lover of the opera.
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159  Nan Lurie
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129  Jack Markow American
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  Born in London in 1905, Markow came to the United States at the age of two and was raised in New York City. He studied at the Art Students League from 1922 to 1929. His first one-man show was at the A.C.A. Gallery in New York. In the 1930's he worked on the Fine Arts Project at the W.P.A. and was recognized for his outstanding work in the field of lithography. Markow was also a member of the Society of Magazine Cartoonists, publishing his cartoons in the New Yorker, the Saturday Evening Post, Colliers, and other prominent magazines. He worked as cartoon editor for Argosy in the early 1950's, and is credited with writing and illustrating several books on cartooning.
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75  Reginald Marsh American
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  Marsh was born in Paris but studied art at Yale University and continued at the Art Students League in New York. One of the foremost artists of the Ashcan group, he became involved with drawing masses of people during the economic depression of the 1930's, portraying them in his lithographs, etchings, drypoints, and engravings. Between 1928 and 1935, Marsh, produced 236 prints. Thirty of these were lithographs of steam locomotives, a subject he thoroughly enjoyed watching and drawing on paper. Marsh's powerful graphic works revealing people in the streets, the theater, beaches, subways, and burlesque shows, rates him as one of America's finest draftsman and printmakers.
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147  J. Jay McVicker American
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  McVicker, a painter, printmaker, and sculptor was born in Vici, Oklahoma and studied art at Oklahoma State University. He also taught at the university and was chairman of the art department. His works have been shown at the National Academy of Design, the Downtown Gallery in New York City, Paris, Rome, and the American-Japanese Print Exhibition in Tokyo. McVicker is known for his realistic aquatints portraying life in the Southwest, the style, somewhat reminiscent of classic film noir, whereby he creates a world that peeks out of wedges of light and pools of black. Some of these images are, "Arc Welder," "Oklahoma Twilight," "Cotton Gin," "September Symphony," and "Moonlight and Mystery."
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77  Leo Meissner American
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  Leo Meissner was born in Detroit, Michigan, and studied art at the Detroit School of Fine Arts and the Art Students League in New York with Guy Pene du Bois and George Luks. He entered printmaking in the 1920's with linoleum cuts and then specializing in wood engraving. Meissner won many prizes and awards which include the Pennell purchase prize from the Library of Congress, Southern Printmakers, and the Detroit Institute of Art. He is in the permanent collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, and the New York Public Library.
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148  Ben Messick American
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  Messick spent his childhood growing up in the Missouri Ozarks. After World War I he enrolled in the Chouinard School of Art, Los Angeles and studied drawing and painting. He would often go through the streets and parks of Los Angeles with his sketchpad gathering material for his watercolors and paintings.. In 1939, it was suggested , Messick should use lithography in order to have his images become more accessible to a wider audience. His lithographs were printed with only his signature on the stone and margins of various sizes. Messick ignored the general procedure of signing and numbering his prints in pencil. The humanizing of his subject matter on paper prompted critics and connoisseurs to affectionately dub him as "The People's Artist."
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163  Charles F.W. Mielatz German-American
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177  Roberto Montenegro Mexican
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181  George L.K. Morris American
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  George L.K. Morris studied art and literature at Yale University and proceeded to the Art Students League where he became a student of John Sloan and Kenneth Hayes Miller. While in Paris he studied at the Academie Moderne with Fernand Leger where he cultivated an attachment with modernism and cubism. Along with his wife, Suzy Frelinghuysen, Morris developed a strong commitment to American modernism and became the first art critic for Partisan Review, which he also financed until the 1940's. Ignoring the art movement of Social Realism and Regionalism in the 1930's, he remained a strong advocate of American modernism and picketed the Museum of Modern Art, which refused to exhibit the work of American abstract artists. Morris is not known for producing many prints, but in 1937, while being a member of "The Artists Color Proof Associates" he produced two abstract compositions in color, each drawn on a zinc plate. These lithographs were printed by Albert Carman using a Multilith press. Critics have said they are the best done by this Association and are in the collections of the Smithsonian and Metropolitan Museum of Art.
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79  Ira Moskowitz Polish-American
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  Born in Poland, in 1912, Moskowitz, came to New York City in 1927. He entered the Art Students League and studied with Harry Wickey, who became a strong influence in his art training. Staying at Wickey's country home, Moskowitz, made some excellent prints of the Hudson River Landscape. In 1939, he traveled to Mexico and did a series of drawings and lithographs of the Mexican village of Zimapan, portraying the people and their life. During the World War II era he completed a lithograph, "The War Worker," which won a prize in the exhibit, "Artists for Victory." Moskowitz received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1943 to illustrate the life of the Southwest Indians. His lithograph, "Storm at Taos Valley," was awarded the First Purchase Prize by the Library of Congress in 1945. Most of the drawings from this venture were made into lithographs and published in the book, Patterns and Ceremonies of the Southwest Indians. The book contained an introduction by artist, John Sloan, and text by John Collier, Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Both the book and lithographs are popular because of the romanticism and attraction of a forgotten culture. The art work of Moskowitz is in the collections of the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Brooklyn Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the New York Public Library, the Carnegie Institute, the Albany Institute of History and Art, the Museum of Navajo Ceremonial Art in Sante Fe, and the Philbrook Art Center in Oklahoma.
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115  Edith Nankivell American
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  Nankivell was born in New York City in 1896 and learned a great deal about art and etching from her father, Frank Nankivell, a prominent Australian artist. She specialized in architectural etchings, especially bridges and public buildings. Nankivell did some excellent work when combining aquatint and etching to produce works such as, "New York at Night," "Bryant Park, NYC," and "Midsummer Evening."
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155  Thomas Nason American
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157  Jackson Lee Nesbitt American
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82  Elizabeth Olds American
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  Olds was born in Minneapolis in 1897, and studied at the University of Minnesota, the Minneapolis School of Art, and the Art Students League with George Luks. She was the first woman to receive a Guggenheim Fellowship. Olds was involved in the New York City W.P.A. Federal Art Project from 1935-1940, and became known as one of the "socially conscious" American printmakers, taking her sketchpad into the streets, mines, factories, and farms of America, recording images of social issues and subjects. She was an advocate in developing silkscreen printing as a fine art medium and used it successfully in her work, promoting the cause of the common people.
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196  Walter J. Phillips British-Canadian
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151  Meta Pluckebaum German
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  Meta Pluckebaum was born in Germany in 1876 and studied art with the German painter, Hermann Emil Pohle. She was popular in European circles for her work in children's portraits, still life and animals, especially cats and dogs. Pluckebaum was highly successful in the United States for her humorous and sensitive etchings of cats and dogs, usually with hand coloring added. A large amount of her animal portraiture appears amazingly real and vibrant on paper. She also achieved acclaim as an illustrator of children's books.
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178  Nathaniel Pousette-Dart American
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130  Charles F. Quest American
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  Quest was born in Troy, New York in 1904. He studied at the Washington University School of Fine Arts in St. Louis from 1924 to 1929 and in Europe. Quest has made wood engravings since 1930 and gives credit to Goya and Daumier for having a strong influence on his work. In addition to making prints, he has worked as a painter, sculptor, muralist, and stained glass designer. He has been commissioned for important murals in St Louis, and for the State of Missouri at the Chicago World's Fair in the 1930's. Quest has exhibited in over 50 museums and galleries throughout the world, winning numerous prizes and awards. A one-man exhibit of his work was shown in Washington, D.C., in 1951, at the Smithsonian Institution.
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174  Umberto Romano Italian-American
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  Born in 1906 near Naples, Italy, Umberto Romano studied art at the National Academy of Design, the Tiffany Foundation, and the American Academy in Rome. He is known for his work in the field of genre, portraits, illustrations, and murals. Most of his career was spent between New York City, Gloucester, Massachusetts, and the Worcester Art Museum School where he was director. From 1933-1960, Romano was a teacher and director of the Romano Art School at Gloucester. His works are in the Fogg Museum of Art, Worcester Museum of Art, Springfield Museum , Rhode Island School of Design, Smith College, and the Baltimore Museum of Art.
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85  Ernest D. Roth German-American
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  Born in Stuttgart, Germany, in 1879, Roth came to the United States with his parents at age five. He studied at the National Academy of Design, and with James D. Smillie and Francis Luis Mora. In 1905 he went to Italy and resided in Florence, where he produced some of his most important and finest etchings. He did numerous architectural renderings of the villages and hill towns in Italy, France, and Spain. On a trip to Venice he recorded 30 etchings of the city during a three year period. These plates, in skillful composition, transmit the elegance, charm, and tranquillity of Roth's work. On his return to America his subject matter turned to New York City, which he interpreted in a pictorial and interesting manner. This can be seen in such plates as, "New York from Brooklyn Heights," "Queensboro Bridge," "Greenwich Village Roofs," and "Riverside Church." His works are in the collections of the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, the Art Institute of Chicago, the Uffizi Gallery, Florence, the Victoria and Albert Museum, London, the Brooklyn Museum, New York, and the New York Public Library. Roth was awarded a silver medal for etching at the Panama-Pacific Exposition in 1915.
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175  Margery Ryerson American
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  Margery Ryerson was born in Morristown, New Jersey in 1886. She was a descendant of one of the first Dutch families to settle in the United States and her ancestral home in New Jersey, Ringwood Manor, is now a state park. After finishing school at Vassar College she studied art with Charles Hawthorne and Robert Henri. Ryerson is well known as a painter and printmaker and has received awards and recognition for her portraits of children at play, in musical performances, and tender moments. Her images have been used by UNICEF in greeting cards. She is also the editor of Art Spirit, about the philosophy of art and Hawthorne on Painting, and has written about art for various periodicals and art journals. Many of her prints are in the permanent collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Smithsonian Institution, the Brooklyn Museum and others. Margery Ryerson was 102 years old when she died in 1988.
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184  May Schaetzel American
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  May Schaetzel was born in 1870 in New York City. She moved to Los Angeles and in 1920 left to study art and painting in Paris. After returning to Los Angeles in 1933 she resided at the Claremont Manor until her death in 1952. Schaetzel spent some time in New York with "The Artists Color Proof Associates" experimenting with color lithography. Her work includes floral still lifes and Parisian scenes. She has exhibited at the Paris Salon, Bernham Jeune Gallerie, Paris, Nicholson Gallery, Pasadena, Desert Inn, Palm Springs, Corcoran Galleries, Washington, D.C. and the Biltmore Salon, Los Angeles.
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168  William J. Schaldach American
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  Born in Elkhart, Indiana, Schaldach at an early age became interested in fishing and wild fowl, influencing him as an artist, writer, and illustrator. He studied at the Art Students League in New York with John Sloan and Harry Wickey. Schaldach produced many works on paper of wild fowl; angling in various rivers, streams, and lakes; game fish; and sporting dogs in the field. He was also an editor and illustrator for the sporting magazine, Field and Stream. Another aspect of his work was the picturesque setting of the Sonoran Desert of Arizona and Mexico. Many drawings, etchings, and paintings depict the various animal and plant life located there. In the 1950's, Schaldach made this Arizona area his permanent home. Some of his notable books are, Carl Rungius, Big Game Painter, Fish by Schaldach, and Upland Gunning. Schaldach's work has been exhibited at the National Academy of Design, Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Chicago Society of Etchers, and the New York World's Fair, 1939.
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135  Georges Schreiber Belgian-American
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  Born in Brussels, Belgium in 1904, Schreiber, studied art in Berlin, London, Rome, Paris, and Florence. In 1928, he came to the United States and decided to travel and record his impressions of each of the 48 states. Many of these scenes from the 1930's and 1940's can be seen in his lithographs, published by Associated American Artists. Deemed a regionalist for the rural life he portrayed in these images, Schreiber, drew a close parallel with the Swiss photographer, Robert Frank, who traveled throughout the entire United States with his camera. The subsequent photographs were published in 1959, in his book, The Americans.
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86  Anton Schutz German-American
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  Schutz was born in Berndorf, Germany in 1894, and studied at the University of Munich, graduating with degrees in mechanical engineering and architecture. After coming to the United States, he studied with Joseph Pennell and had his first exhibition at the Anderson Gallery in New York City. He was commissioned by the New York Times to make etchings of New York and other American cities. His etchings of the financial centers and Stock Exchanges of the world; New York, London, Rome, Milan, Paris, Amsterdam and Berlin show his strength as an artist. Schutz used light, drama, shadows, and various angles, to bring a majestic look to his architectural renderings of New York and elsewhere.
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167  Harry Shokler American
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188  Will Simmons American
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  Will Simmons was introduced to art by his father, Edward Simmons, a noted muralist who was a member of "The Ten," an artists group working in New York and Boston during the early 1900's. After two years at Harvard, Will, decided to study art at the Acadamie Julian in Paris. He developed a strong interest in wildlife and natural history, spending days sketching at the Paris Zoo, museums, and in the Fountainbleau Forest where animals became his favorite subjects. He also trained himself to draw from memory as wildlife subjects would not pose for any artist. Simmons once said,"Etching appeals to me because it is extremely difficult; because it breaks down attempts at definition and is so inherently suggestive- the first law is creating beauty, and finally; because it is so democratic." A large amount of his etchings are romantic and impressionistic in displaying nature, but dramatic and technically well done. Portraying wildlife in various humorous situations with humanistic qualities gives the viewer a sensitive and elegant insight into animal life. Simmons created over 200 prints dealing with wildlife and was a member of the Chicago Society of Etchers and the Brooklyn Society of Etchers. Considered a "forgotten artist" of the 1930's, he showed grace and power in portraying the character of animal life. Reference: John T. Ordeman, The Will Simmons Collection.
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87  T. F. Simon Czech
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  Born in Zeleznice, Bohemia in 1877, Simon studied at the Academy of Art in Prague. Influenced by the French Impressionists, he traveled to Paris in 1903, and became enamored with the French Colorists and their work in the field of color prints. Simon was basically self-taught as a printmaker, developing his own style using aquatint and soft-ground etching, he produced subtle color prints of the simplicity and charm of life within the French city of Paris. He traveled extensively throughout the world producing many color aquatints, in particular, some wonderful images of Japan and its people. However, Simon, always nurturing his fondness for his native Prague, produced many prints showing his love for the city and its wonderful "old world" architecture.
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88  John Sloan American
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  Sloan was born in Lock Haven, Pennsylvania in 1871, and studied with Robert Henri. He did illustrations for newspapers, books, and magazines, eventually becoming the art editor for The Masses, a magazine concerned with social issues and advocating social reform. Sloan is considered an outstanding graphic artist and was a member of The Eight or Ashcan School, producing images of life among the working people of New York. Never using a camera to collect ideas for his illustrations, paintings or etchings, Sloan, composed his work from his observations of everyday life on the streets of New York.
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117  Lawrence Beall Smith American
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  Born in Washington D.C. in 1909, Smith, graduated from the University of Chicago and received his art training at night at the Chicago Art Institute. During World War II he was an accredited artist covering the Normandy Invasion, Army Medical Activities, and work aboard a United States Aircraft Carrier. Smith was also an illustrator and many of his lithographs portray children at play and in a pensive mood. His work is in the permanent collections of the Metropolitan Museum, Harvard University, University of Minnesota, Abbott Laboratories, and the Department of the United States Navy.
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89  Eileen Alice Soper British
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  Born in England in 1905, Eileen Soper, at an early age developed a talent for etching, which she learned from her father, George Soper. The latter was a noted etcher, painter, and member of the Royal Academy. At the age of fifteen, Eileen, had her first exhibit of prints at the Print Makers Society of California in Los Angeles. The following year at the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition, she exhibited the etchings, "The Swing," and "La Barriere Cassee." The critics proclaimed her a child prodigy. Eileen's etchings were well drawn and devoted to the activities of children at play, work, and in pensive moods. A London neswpaper entitled a review of her work as, "Happy Children Pictures." Later on in her career, she developed a penchant for wildlife, and wrote and illustrated books, such as, When Badgers Wake, Happy Rabbit, Dormouse Awake, and Sail Away Shrew. She was founder member of the Society of Wildlife Artists. A collection of her etchings are at the Chicago Art Institute and the New York Public Library.
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118  Aaron Sopher American
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  Drawing what people were doing was Aaron Sopher's forte. His satirical prowess with pen and ink was astonishing, whether at social, political, sporting events, local restaurants, or summers at the beach. Sopher's sketchpad deals with the human situation, its comedy, tragedy, and ordinary tasks. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1905, and studied at the Maryland Institute, College of Art. Sopher did illustration work as a freelance artist for the Baltimore Sun, the New Yorker, Collier's, Judge, The New Masses, and Vanity Fair. Working with pen and India ink, and never leaving home without his sketchpad, he portrayed the American people for fifty years during the Great Depression, World War II, the Beatnik era, the Civil Rights Movement, and the Vietnam conflict. On the day of his death, the city of Baltimore proclaimed an official day of mourning for Sopher, featuring a special television program and tributary obituaries in all the newspapers. (Resource material gathered from, Falk, Peter Hastings, Aaron Sopher, Satirist of the American Condition, Sound View Press, 1991)
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133  Harry Sternberg American
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  Born in New York City in 1904, Sternberg studied at the Art Students League, where he learned etching with Harry Wickey. During the 1930's he became involved with silkscreen printing and helped organize the silkscreen group that formed the Workshop School on Tenth Street in Manhattan. Receiving a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1936, Sternberg proceeded to work and record his images of the coal mines and steel mills in Pennsylvania. During World War II, he was outspoken against Fascism and war, producing impressive prints showing his reactions. Sternberg is considered one of the leading American graphic artists in the field of "social consciousness."
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92  Angela Straeter American
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  There is not much information on the artist, Angela Straeter, other than she worked with the New York Federal Art Project, in the years, 1935-1943. The FAP or WPA was devoted to helping American artists during the Depression by paying a set price for their published prints, usually editions of 25 to 50, and organizing exhibitions to show their work. The artists portrayed the "American Scene," opening the door for the American public to gain access to American art and the artists themselves. The first exhibit in 1936, was attended by New York Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia and other dignitaries. The exhibit received recognition and excellent critical acclaim. Straeter was fluent in the field of lithography and had a fondness for animals, which she portrayed in an amusing but sensitive manner. She usually signed her prints only with her first name, "Angela." Straeter's art is in the collections of the Library of Congress, University of Michigan Museum of Art, the New York Public Library, and other American institutions.
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119  James Swann American
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  Swann was born in Merkel, Texas in 1905, and studied at Sul Ross State Teachers College, Texas. Moving to Chicago, he became an active leader of the Chicago Society of Etchers and the Prairie Print Makers. His love for Chicago was displayed in his etchings with great affection and admiration, suggesting an almost dream-like quality. This romanticism of the city is contrary to that of Carl Sandburg's poetry and Upton Sinclair's book, The Jungle, voicing criticism of social conditions existing at that time.
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120  Harry LeRoy Taskey American
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  Taskey was born in Rockford, Indiana in 1892, and studied art at the Art Students League with John Sloan and Harry Sternberg. Most of his artwork was done with the New York Federal Art Project, in the years, 1935-1943. A great deal of his graphic work was devoted to the architecture and social scene of New York City. Some of his notable prints of New York are, "Manhattan Sheep," "Battery Park," "Pretzel Vendor," "City Hall," "Herald Square," and the "Civic Repertory Theater," all in editions of 25 or less.
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179  Alice Tenney American
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  Alice Tenney was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota and studied at the Art Students League in New York. In the 1930's she became a member of "The Artists Color Proof Associates" at the Charles L.Morgan Galleries on Fifty-Seventh Street, NYC, where she experimented with color lithography. After returning to Minnesota, Tenney took up residence in Crystal Bay working as an illustrator and muralist. She did murals in Minneapolis at the Hotel Nicollet and the Westminster Presbyterian Church.
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131  Diana Thorne Canadian
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  Diana Thorne was born in Winnipeg, Canada, in 1895, and studied art with William Strang. The author-illustrator of more than forty books, her main assets toward success have been total dedication to her drawing and a deep love for her subject matter. In her etchings of dogs she has the ability to show motion and action. A combination of whirling lines with solid lines and a rendition of dark and light tones, brings to the viewer's eyes the Dog in motion. Thorne's dog etchings are admired because they capture the humor and energy transpired by Man and Dog. Other than dog etchings, she is also known for a series of sensitive etchings published in a portfolio, "The Human Comedy," done in 1928
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165  Charles Turzak American
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194  William Walcot British
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94  Lynd Ward American
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  Born in Chicago in 1905, Ward was a wood engraver, lithographer, illustrator, painter, and writer. He studied at, Teachers College, Columbia University and the State Academy for Graphic Arts, Leipzig, Germany, where he learned wood engraving with Hans Alexander Mueller. He is notable for developing the novel in woodcuts without the use of the written word. Some titles of these author/illustrator novels in woodcuts are, God's Man, 1929, Madman's Drum, 1930, and Vertigo, 1937. This story-telling process was also used by photographers in the photo-essay.
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121  Geoffrey Wedgwood British
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  Born in England in 1900, Wedgwood studied at the Liverpool City School of Art, the British School of Rome, and the Royal College of Art with Frank Short, Malcolm Osborne, and Job Nixon. He had a penchant for architectural scenes which he did in exquisite fine line through etching, drypoint, and line engraving. To soften the precision and formality of his works, Wedgwood added small figures, local to the scene in a sympathetic manner. Most of his graphic art was done between 1929 and 1940, depicting Rome, Genoa, Toledo, and London. Wedgwood was elected to the Royal Academy in 1925.
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122  Reynold Weidenaar American
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  Born in Grand Rapids, Michigan in 1915, Weidenaar studied at the Kendall School of Design, Grand Rapids and the Kansas City Art Institute. He received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1944 and traveled through Mexico producing beautiful images in mezzotint. Weidenaar personifies the master printmaker, using several techniques in a single plate, such as aquatint, etching, and drypoint, but excels in mezzotint. His images can be exceedingly dramatic, sometimes satirical, or strange and eerie with a mystical aura, but always interesting and never boring.
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97  Stow Wengenroth American
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  Wengenroth is known as a lithographer, painter, writer, teacher, and illustrator. Born in 1906 in Brooklyn, New York, he studied at the Art Students League, Grand Central School of Art in New York and summers at Woodstock, New York and Eastport, Maine. His perseverance with lithography earned him a reputation much more than just a competent printmaker. Wengenroth's precise draftsmanship, beautiful textural qualities and tonal values in his lithographs, prompted Andrew Wyeth to say, "he's the greatest black and white artist in America." Wengenroth also had a great fondness for nature and portrayed many avian friends, especially owls, which seemed to be his favorite.
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98  Levon West American
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  Born in Centerville, South Dakota, West received his education at the University of Minnesota. He became interested in etching and studied with Joseph Pennell at the Art Students League in New York. Pennell was so impressed with West he gave him the etching tools that Whistler had left to him. West became popular as an etcher when the New York Times published his print of Lindbergh's plane, "Spirit of St. Louis." After the Depression ruined the print market he turned to color photography, working with Life magazine and the Saturday Evening Post, publishing his photographs under the name of Ivan Dimitri. The majority of his etchings deal with the Rocky Mountain and Northwest area showing the struggles of man with weather and loneliness. These images are eloquently printed with large areas carefully wiped for tonal value.
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99  James McNeill Whistler American
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  Whistler was born in Massachusetts in 1834. He attended West Point Military Academy, but did not care for a military career. Upon his arrival in London in 1858, Whistler began in earnest to distinguish his etching career with the "Thames" and "Venice" series. On doing the Venice prints, he trimmed the margins right to the plate mark leaving only a tab for his signature, which was generally a penciled butterfly. This was done to spite collectors who he felt, were more enamored with large margins than the artwork itself. Whistler's prominence in the field of etching is enormous and cannot be written in a few words. His influence on other artists can be read in, Whistler and His Circle in Venice, Denker, Eric, The Corcoran Gallery of Art, 2003, and The Stamp of Whistler, Getscher, Robert H. and Staley, Allen, Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin College, 1977.
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124  Harry Wickey American
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  Harry Wickey was born in 1892, in Ohio, and studied art in New York. After moving to the Hudson River Valley, he produced some memorable etchings from the area, such as, "Hudson River Landscape," " Storm Sweeping the Hudson," and "Hudson Highlands Under Snow." Wickey was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1939. Because of his knowledge and positive attitude, a great deal of important work and activity was done as a teacher, including the development of a renowned circle of artists.
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125  Norman Wilkinson British
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  Wilkinson is greatly admired for his marine and angling paintings, water colors, and etchings. Born in Cambridge, England in 1878, he studied art at the Berkhamsted School and began his career as an illustrator with The London Illustrated News and The Illustrated Mail. While serving in the British Navy during World War I, Wilkinson devised a way of camouflaging ships, making it more difficult for enemy vessels to detect. This particular style was called "dazzle painting" and was used by merchant ships, and British naval vessels. It was also put to use by the United States Navy in 1918. He produced a great many drypoints of fishing streams and angling in Britain, Canada, and the United States. Another specialty of Wilkinson was his colorful poster painting for the British Railways.
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126  Ronau Woiceske American
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  Born in Bloomington, Illinois, in 1887, Woiceske studied at the St. Louis School of Fine Arts and the art colony at Woodstock, New York. He was an etcher, painter, and designer of stained glass windows and murals. Woiceske was part of the Federal Art Project, WPA, and gained notoriety for his many etchings, of beautiful and lustrous, snow scenes
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176  Louis Wolchonok American
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166  Grant Wood American
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101  Henry Ziegler American
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  Henry Ziegler was born in Sherman, Texas and studied with William R. Leigh and Joseph Pennell at the Art Students League in New York. He was well known for his etchings and monotypes relating to western life. Ziegler was the illustrator of Cowboy Stuff, a deluxe edition containing 50 etchings of the everyday life and activities of cowboys at work and play. The text consists of poems by F.W. Lafrentz, who for many years was secretary for the Swan Land and Cattle Company of Wyoming. The book was notable for the author's and illustrator's first hand knowledge of life on the range. Lafrentz was also active in politics and helped sponsor the Wyoming statehood movement.
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162  Anders Zorn Swedish
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127  James Milford Zornes American
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  Zornes was born in 1908 in the small farming town of Camargo, Oklahoma. He studied art in California at the Pomona College and learned about water color with Millard Sheets at Scripps College. In 1934, Zornes was given a one-man show of his water colors at the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. He is part of a group of artists that formed the California regional school of art, primarily in the field of water color. During World War II, Zornes was recommended by George Biddle to be one of the United States Army war artists assigned to work in China, India, and Burma. Painting and drawing on location in these countries, his work became part of the War Department's art collection located at the Pentagon. In addition to water color, Zornes is recognized for his work in the field of woodcut and linocut, producing fine prints which are in the collections of many art galleries and museums.

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